Note in the painting above, that there are several
people dressed in European costumes, but examining
with care, there are two turbaned people, one walking
in the garden, the other at a table in the garden.
Intercourse between the European and Moslem world did
exist, though influences may have been forgotten.
Influences could easily have taken place in aspects
of aesthetics (architecture, art, music, etc.),
medicine, philosphy, etc. As cloth, rugs (seen in
paintings at Venice), spices, slaves, etc. were items
of trade between Europe and the Moslem world, it
should not be surprising that influences were more
extensive than acknowledged now. As for aesthetic
influences, the wonderful Iznik ceramics and
architectural designs
click to see
must certainly have been admired in Europe.
Contadini, Anna; Norton, Claire; (Eds.), "The Renaissance and the
Ottoman World", Ashgate Publishing Ltd., 2013
Farmer, Henry George; "A History of Arabian Music to the XIIIth Century",
LUZAC Oriental, London, 1994
Feldman, Walter; "Music of the Ottoman Court: Makam, Composition and
the Early Ottoman Instrumental Repertoire", VWB 1996
Stone, Caroline; "Flowers from the East", Saudi ARAMCO World,
May/June 2014, pp. 38-43